Emissions Limits

Commercial aviation helps drive more than 10M American jobs and 5 cents of every dollar of U.S. GDP
Commercial aviation drives more than $1 trillion per year in economic activity
In 2012, U.S. airlines moved more than 48,000 tons of cargo per day
In 2012, the value of a kilogram of U.S. merchandise exported by air averaged 121 times the value exported by sea
For every 100 airline jobs, some 360 are supported outside of the airline industry
Federal taxes constitute $61 – or 20% – of the price of a typical $300 domestic round-trip ticket
In 2011, U.S. airlines carried 16 percent more passengers and cargo using 10 percent less fuel than in 2000
Domestically, airlines drive 5% of economic activity but account for 2% of man-made GHG emissions
From 2000-2011, airlines reduced GHG emissions by 11% while transporting 16% more passengers and cargo
From 1975-2011, U.S. airlines and their partners reduced significant noise exposure by 99%
Commercial air travel is the safest form of intercity transportation in the United States
In the most recent decade, scheduled air service on U.S. airlines was seven times safer than in the 1970s
From 2000-2012, U.S. airlines improved the on-time arrival rate from 72.6% to 81.9%
From 2000-2012, U.S. airlines reduced the flight cancellation rate sharply from 3.30% to 1.29%
Airfares are a bargain: From 2000-2012, U.S. CPI rose 33% while average domestic fare rose just 13%
Adjusted for inflation, the average round-trip domestic airfare fell 15% from 2000
2007 domestic flight delays cost the United States approximately $31 billion
In 2012, the value of U.S. merchandise exported by air reached an all-time high of $427B
In 2012, U.S. exports of air-travel services reached an all-time high of $39.5B, driving a $5.1B trade surplus
In 2012, U.S. passenger and cargo airlines spent more than $50B on fuel, averaging 36% of operating expenses
In 2012, U.S. airlines posted the lowest annual rate of mishandled baggage ever recorded
FAA projects U.S. air travel demand to top 1 billion passengers in 2027
In 2012, US airlines flew 83.4 million passengers in scheduled international service - a record high
In 2012, the total value of merchandise exported from or imported to the United States by air exceeded $927 billion
In 2012, 7.15 teragrams of merchandise was exported from or imported to the United States by air

	Emissions Limits
	PubZone1 Aircraft emissions are controlled through stringent emission limits on aircraft engines. Beginning in 1973, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published the first aircraft engine emission standards, limiting emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC) and smoke. In 1981, the International Civil Aviation Organization, with input from the EPA and the FAA, published the first international stringency standards limiting the emissions of NOx, CO and HC. On March 24, 1993, the ICAO Council adopted a standard that further limited NOx emissions by 20 percent below levels established in 1981. In July 1997, the EPA adopted NOx and CO emissions standards which aligned the U.S. regulations with those adopted by ICAO in 1981 and 1993. On Feb. 26, 1999, ICAO approved the adoption of an additional 16 percent NOx reduction standard. The EPA adopted the 1999 ICAO NOx standard into U.S. law and it became effective on Dec. 19, 2005. In March 2005, ICAO adopted a further 12 percent NOx reduction standard, which applies to newly-certified commercial aircraft engines after Jan. 1, 2008. This standard currently is under consideration by the EPA. As a practical matter, however, the new ICAO international stringency standard is in effect since all engine manufacturers are building engines to the standard. The A4A member airlines continue to support efforts to address the local air quality impacts of aviation. Nevertheless, it should also be noted that compared to other modes of transportation, commercial aviation results in significantly less overall emissions than other modes of transportation. PubZone2	A4A supports a truly comprehensive, meaningfully balanced U.S. energy policy and is committed to protecting our planet.